| July 7, 2000 #156 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Table of Contents
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FEATURE ARTICLE (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
How Cookie-Gate Crumbles | ||||||||||||||||||
by Solveig Singleton | ||||||||||||||||||
People get upset about the darndest things. The most recent tempest in
Leviathan's teapot is the use of a rather commonplace Internet
technology called "cookies" to track the viewing of ads on the drug
czar's web site. The White House chief of staff has demanded that
Barry R. McCaffrey explain how the practice of monitoring traffic using
cookies began. But this latest installment in the demonization of
cookies is absurd. Here's why. | ||||||||||||||||||
The war on drugs has strained civil liberties to the breaking point. The police can seize your property without trial under forfeiture laws, and even if you are found innocent, you will have an awful time getting it back again. The war has brought us routine surveillance of ordinary people's bank accounts, the expansion of wiretapping powers and the incarceration of hundreds of thousands of nonviolent criminals. Worst is the transformation of inner-city neighborhoods into de facto war zones, the inevitable result of Prohibition-style black markets. | ||||||||||||||||||
All of this, apparently, is just fine with the press, the public and
politicians on the Hill and in the White House. Yet they are shocked,
simply shocked, to find the drug czar's web site using cookies. One
doesn't know whether to laugh or cry. | ||||||||||||||||||
Central to understanding this is the idea that people can get used to anything. The human and societal cost of the war on drugs is staggering. But cookies? A lot of people don't know what they are or how they work, and new and unknown is scary. Never mind that cookies, like binoculars or satellites, are pretty benign, although they can be used for evil purposes. Should we cower before cookies, like isolated tribesmen who believe the explorers' camera will steal their souls? | ||||||||||||||||||
What are cookies, and what do they do? Cookies are little data files
that are saved to an Internet user's computer. These files track
purchases loaded into online shopping carts, record how many times a
user has seen a certain banner advertisement and so on. They help web
sites identify when a regular visitor has returned, so that the visitor
need not re-enter his identification information every time. Cookies
tell the server, "This visitor has been here before" or "This visitor
has seen this ad three times already." | ||||||||||||||||||
Cookies were invented by Internet pioneer Lou Montulli in 1994, when he
was working for the brand-new Netscape. Netscape was trying to help web
sites become viable commercial enterprises. But the web sites were not
very good at customer relations. In an ordinary store in the "real"
world of malls and main street, the shopkeeper can eyeball shoppers
coming in, identify regular customers, check out suspicious characters,
get a feel for whether his visitors are locals or tourists, likely
buyers or merely browsers and make sure that shoppers can find what
they are looking for. Web sites had no mechanism for collecting this
information; on the Internet, every visitor was an anonymous stranger.
Without cookies or some other tracking technology, web sites are blind
and deaf. So it should hardly come as a big shock that cookies are
widely used across the Internet. They are simply a part of the way the
Internet works. | ||||||||||||||||||
If you don't mind the inconvenience of a cookie-less world, it's easy enough to disable cookies. If you are using Netscape Navigator, go to the taskbar and click on "Edit." Select "Preferences," go to "Advanced." Next click on "Cookies" and select "Disabled," or ask to be warned before your browser accepts a cookie. If you are using Internet Explorer, go to "Tools," then "Internet Options" and select "Security." Go to "Custom," scroll down to "Cookies," and again select "Disabled." | ||||||||||||||||||
The fact that many people have not yet heard of cookies does not mean
that they are some kind of sinister surveillance, any more than is
Caller ID. It simply means that the Internet is new and that many
users, having come online for the first time in the last two or three
years, are ignorant of its nuances. If you're looking for serious
threats to civil liberties, the war on drugs is a good object of your
scrutiny. But cookies can't batter your door down with automatic
weaponry. They are just a technology that makes the Internet more
convenient. | ||||||||||||||||||
Solveig Singleton is director of information studies at the Cato
Institute, a nonpartisan public policy research foundation based in
Washington, D.C. | ||||||||||||||||||
WEEKLY NEWS IN REVIEW (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Domestic News- Policy | ||||||||||||||||||
COMMENT: (1-3) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
McCzar's disjointed Op-Ed is further evidence that ONDCP has been made
uneasy by the rapid growth of the ecstasy market - as well they should
be: both the drug and its users are quite different from the "usual
suspects" of past drug scares. | ||||||||||||||||||
There's no evidence that these considerations have deterred super
drughawks like NJ Governor Whitman. | ||||||||||||||||||
Another domestic policy issue guaranteed to alienate the nation's youth received some refreshing scrutiny in the South China Post. | ||||||||||||||||||
(1) OPED: 'ECSTASY' CAUSES ANYTHING BUT (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
WASHINGTON -- "Ecstasy" --- a stimulant that can cause brain damage --
is skyrocketing in popularity. | ||||||||||||||||||
Ecstasy has the properties of amphetamines along with psychedelic
effects that make users feel peaceful. Different recipes are used for
ecstasy, all of which can produce serious harm. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
NIDA Director Dr. Alan Leshner said, "At the very least, people who
take MDMA -- even just a few times -- are risking long-term, perhaps
permanent problems with learning and memory." | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Customs seized 3.5 million ecstasy tablets in fiscal year 1999,
which ended Sept. 30, more than four times the amount in 1998. Much
MDMA is bought by young American tourists financing summer vacations by
smuggling home a few hundred tablets. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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(2) COST OF SELLING ECSTASY IN JERSEY INCREASES TO 20 YEARS IN PRISON (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
`Love Drug' tied to brain damage and death. | ||||||||||||||||||
With tablets of the illegal designer drug Ecstasy on display, Gov.
Christie Whitman yesterday signed legislation that significantly
increases the penalties for dealing the mood enhancing "Love Drug."
Used mostly by teenagers and college students, "Today we strike a
blow against dependence in our society .... Today, on the eve of
Independence Day, we take up arms against these dangers." said Whitman
at a Statehouse bill-signing ceremony. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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(3) STUDENT DRUG OFFENDERS DENIED LOANS (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Maybe they think it improves studying. Whatever the case, surveys
consistently show that marijuana is widely smoked in American
universities and colleges. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
Starting tomorrow, federal authorities will deny or delay financial
assistance to students who have incurred penalties for drug offences
committed in the past year. As a result, thousands who pay as much as
US$30,000 (HK$234,000) a year for tuition, may be forced to abandon
their university studies. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
Congress approved the so-called "loans-for-stoners" law during an
overhaul of education laws two years ago. Opponents now dismiss the
rule as illogical because it applies only to students found guilty of
drug crimes. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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COMMENT: (4) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
One sign that General McCaffrey and Governor Whitman may not speak for
the majority: two thirds of Californians polled approve treatment
over incarceration. | ||||||||||||||||||
(4) RESPONDENTS LIKE PROPOSAL OF DRUG TREATMENT INSTEAD OF JAIL (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Californians remain divided over school vouchers and making it easier to pass local school-construction bonds, but two-thirds of the state's voters approve sending first-time drug offenders into treatment programs instead of jail, says a Field Poll being released today. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
"Early polls like these are measuring voter reaction to a concept, and
that just doesn't easily change," DiCamillo said. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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COMMENT: (5-7) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Drug testing is still making news; the same week the Supremes again
refused to allow testing of elected politicians, a Georgia county and
another Texas school district announced mandatory programs for
government employees and students, respectively. | ||||||||||||||||||
The stage is now set for an interesting Constitutional challenge. | ||||||||||||||||||
(5) COURT REJECTS DRUG TESTS FOR ELECTED STATE OFFICERS (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
The Supreme Court yesterday refused to let Louisiana require its
elected officials to undergo random drug testing. | ||||||||||||||||||
The court, acting without comment, rejected an appeal by Louisiana
officials who contended that such random tests do not violate the
Constitution's ban on unreasonable searches because the state has
"special needs" to deter drug use. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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(6) GA: BIBB TO FIRE EMPLOYEES WHO FAIL DRUG TESTS (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Bibb County employees have been put on notice that they'll be fired immediately if they test positive in a random drug test. | ||||||||||||||||||
County Commission Chairman Larry Justice said Friday the commission has already approved a zero tolerance drug policy and that a new ordinance containing the stiffer penalty is being prepared by County Attorney Virgil Adams. The proposed ordinance will come before the commission for approval soon. Zero tolerance is effective now, he said. The need for a tougher policy surfaced earlier this month, when 10 of 82 Public Works Department employees failed a random test, Justice said. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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(7) TX: SANGER ISD PURSUES NEW DRUG TESTING POLICY (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Sanger -- It's full stream ahead for the Sanger Independent School
District in its pursuit of urinalysis for student-athletes.
The second of three readings of a new mandatory drug-testing policy is
slated for the upcoming July 11 monthly meeting for the Sanger ISD
board of trustees. The board approved the first reading during last
month's meeting. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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Law Enforcement & Prisons | ||||||||||||||||||
COMMENT: (8-10) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Increased smuggling across our Mexican border since NAFTA has jammed
both federal and local courts. 12 million dollars provided critical
temporary relief of the local problem, but in the overall context still
amounts to no more than a bandaid. | ||||||||||||||||||
An example of Texas justice- well away from the border- was supplied
when Houston Chronicle columnist Thom Marshall recounted the
staggering statistics of the current Houston DA. | ||||||||||||||||||
(8) EXPANDED BORDER POLICING CLOGS THE COURTS AND JAILS EDINBURG, (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Tex. -- Five years after the Clinton administration and the Republican-led Congress began an enormous law enforcement buildup along the Mexican border to fight the war on drugs and illegal immigration, federal and state courts are buckling under the strain of the resulting criminal caseload. The unprecedented numbers of new drug and immigration indictments are inundating the five federal judicial districts along the nearly 2,000-mile border that stretches from the mouth of the Rio Grande in Texas to San Diego. Those now handle 26 percent of all federal criminal filings in the United States. The remaining 74 percent is spread among the country's remaining 89 district courts. Federal judges along the border are struggling with caseloads double to quadruple the national average. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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(9) TX: BORDER DAS GET FUNDS, BACK OFF DRUG CASE THREAT (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
HARLINGEN -- Border prosecutors Friday backed off their threat to stop
prosecuting drug cases referred by federal agencies because Texas
congressional leaders came up with a last-minute appropriation of $12
million for them. | ||||||||||||||||||
District attorneys along the Texas-Mexico border had said they would no
longer prosecute small drug cases referred by federal authorities after
July 1. On Friday, they agreed to push that deadline back three
months. The $12 million will be divided evenly among the four states
that border Mexico. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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(10) COLUMN: REALISTIC RULES AND REGULATIONS (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
No Pace Like Holmes'. | ||||||||||||||||||
Only a few short years ago, the general public said to officials in
criminal-justice systems across the land, "We are tired of crime and
living in fear of criminals and we want to march toward turning things
around." | ||||||||||||||||||
Response to that directive was swift and has been boggling in its scope: People arrested for breaking laws are being locked up in record numbers and for longer times. ...And on this march, few head prosecutors have matched strides with our Harris County District Attorney Johnny Holmes. In fact, he may be leading the entire pack. | ||||||||||||||||||
Enough is Enough | ||||||||||||||||||
Consider a few numbers as evidence to support such a | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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COMMENT: (11-12) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Two national news magazines looked at the way some law enforcement
agencies (and their agents) are turning drug and forfeiture laws into
bonanzas for the unscrupulous. | ||||||||||||||||||
(11) KING OF THE DRUGBUSTERS (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Andrew Chambers was the DEA's secret weapon against hundreds of
big-time dealers and buyers-until his own brushes with the law got in
the way June 25 - Fast-talking, streetwise and cool as ice, Andrew
Chambers was utterly convincing when he played the role of a big-time
drug dealer. For 16 years, working undercover for the U.S. Drug
Enforcement Administration, Chambers would fly into a strange city,
make contact with local druggies and pass himself off as a gangsta Crip
from L.A., a coke dealer from St. Louis or a half-Cuban heroin dealer
from Miami. In the twilight world of undercover drug investigations,
Chambers's lifetime stats are legendary. | ||||||||||||||||||
445 arrests in nearly 300 separate cases, plus seizures totaling 1.5
tons of cocaine, heroin and other drugs.. For this work, he collected
approximately $2.2 million in rewards and expenses as a "CI," or
confidential informant. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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(12) A CASE STUDY IN POLICING FOR PROFIT (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
A 'Model' Drug Task Force Comes Under Fire | ||||||||||||||||||
Clay Waterman was dumbfounded. Authorities in Miami had seized his company's checking account, bank officials told him last June, for reasons unknown. Waterman was the manager of Penn Industries, a family-run supplier of auto accessories in Oklahoma City, and neither he nor the company had ever had trouble with the law before. | ||||||||||||||||||
Behind the seizure, Waterman soon learned, was a police task force
known as South Florida Impact. | ||||||||||||||||||
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Cannabis & Hemp- | ||||||||||||||||||
COMMENT: (13) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
USA Today reported early data from Jon Gettman's exhaustive
county-by-county analysis of marijuana arrests over a three year
period. The first impression - one of marked discrepancy from
county to county and state to state confirms that a great deal
of discretion is being exercised. | ||||||||||||||||||
(13) TEN COUNTIES ACCOUNT FOR A THIRD OF MARIJUANA ARRESTS (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
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[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
The study is by the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana
Laws (NORML), which advocates the legalization of marijuana use. It
reviewed more than 1.4 million arrest reports from 1995 through 1997.
Its authors say the results illustrate selective enforcement and
inconsistent punishment, even from one county to anther within the same
state. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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COMMENT: (14) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
In a move that caught most by surprise, reform elements in the
Dutch legislature appeared to be trying to push their government into
more opposition to the reigning global paradigm. | ||||||||||||||||||
(14) DUTCH CANNABIS VOTE IRKS CABINET (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
The Dutch parliament yesterday voted to decriminalise the wholesale
trade in cannabis, in a surprise outcome that has wrong-footed the
cabinet. A narrow majority backed a motion aimed at removing the
anomaly under which licensed "coffee shops" are allowed to hold and
sell small quantities of the drug, while their suppliers remain open to
prosecution. | ||||||||||||||||||
The move is likely to draw renewed international scrutiny of the
Netherlands' liberal drugs policy. Benk Korthals, justice minister,
said: "This sends the wrong signal, and is contrary to international
treaties." | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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COMMENT: (15) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
An article from Canada, made more interesting by the author's
personal dislike of cannabis, describes some long term changes American
drug policy has wrought in rural B.C. | ||||||||||||||||||
(15) CN BC: DARK SECRET OF RURAL LIFE (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Jean Greene grew up in a poor interior B.C. community. When the pot
ranchers moved in, life changed for the better -- for the growers, at
least. There are some things you don't ask in the place I used to
live. | ||||||||||||||||||
What people here also do, among all their other activities, is grow marijuana -- really good stuff and lots of it. I'm always amazed at how well kept a secret it is even though at least 60 per cent of the community are growers. The rest are retired people who probably wouldn't know a marijuana plant if it came up in their petunias. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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International News- | ||||||||||||||||||
COMMENT: (16) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
As with any other week, the theme of the international news could be, "the more things change, the more they remain the same." | ||||||||||||||||||
The major news from Australia is that the squabble over injecting
rooms is still raging; now it's threatening to bring down the ACT
government. | ||||||||||||||||||
(16) AUSTRALIA: ACT GOVERNMENT MAY FOLD OVER INJECTING ROOM (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
The minority Liberal Government of the Australian Capital Territory
could fall as a result of a row over a supervised heroin injecting
room. | ||||||||||||||||||
A defiant Chief Minister Kate Carnell insisted yesterday she had no
intention of resigning after the Labor opposition, a Green and two
independents in the Legislative Assembly blocked the territory budget
late on Thursday night. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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COMMENT: (17) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Also from Australia, this story about China: one might think that
their experience with prohibition in the first half of the Nineteenth
Century might have discouraged them - or that the present transition
from elderly men smoking opium to youth shooting heroin might raise
some questions. | ||||||||||||||||||
(17) CHINA WRESTLES WITH DRUGS (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
China's history is steeped in drug abuse. No other country - with the
possible recent example of Colombia - has been more deeply affected by
the trade in narcotics. | ||||||||||||||||||
Perhaps that is why the modern Chinese attitude to drugs is especially
harsh. Over the past week, almost 50 drug traffickers and dealers have
been executed nationwide in China. A blaze of publicity has accompanied
their dispatch with a bullet to the back of the head. The government,
somewhat unnecessarily in this light, this week announced a "show no
mercy" policy to traffickers and users. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
Over the past year the amount of drugs seized in China rose by 33 per cent. Most Chinese drug addicts are heroin users. Some 5.3 tonnes of heroin was seized last year, in addition to 1.2 tonnes of opium and 16 tonnes of methamphetamines and smaller amounts of cocaine and marijuana. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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COMMENT: (18) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
The bad news from Canada is that newspapers which should know better
are busy hyping the ecstasy scare even more brazenly than their
American counterparts. | ||||||||||||||||||
(18) CN ON: ECSTASY'S GRIM TOLL RISES AGAIN (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Toronto Wins Dubious Distinction As Drug Linked To Seventh Death This
Year With a report from Caroline Alphonso | ||||||||||||||||||
TORONTO -- A 21-year-old mother of one died after taking ecstasy at a
downtown club over the weekend in Toronto, which officials fear is now
the leading city in North America for such drug-related deaths. Beth
Robertson of Etobicoke is the seventh person in the Greater Toronto
Area to have died from ecstasy-related causes so far this year. The
number of deaths connected to the hallucinogenic drug has jumped from
zero in 1997 to nine last year. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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COMMENT: (19) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
This story from Ireland confirms that trade in all drugs is about
money; if illegal trade in a "legal" agent is more profitable, that's
what will happen. | ||||||||||||||||||
(19) IRELAND: GANGS IN SWITCH TO BIG MONEY CIGARETTE SMUGGLING (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Cigarette smuggling is now as lucrative as some forms of drug
trafficking, to which it is closely linked. Yet the public is largely
unaware of the seriousness of the links, a conference heard yesterday.
"Illegal profits on a container load of cigarettes smuggled into Ireland
is greater than on a load of cannabis," revenue commissioner Frank
Daly told the G8 Lyon law enforcement sub-group on organised cigarette
smuggling. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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COMMENT: (20) (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Congressional passage of the 1.3 billion package for Colombia
resurrected earlier reports of U.S. enthusiasm for mycoherbicide
spraying. This British source aired some of the environmental concerns
lacking in U.S. accounts. | ||||||||||||||||||
(20) COLOMBIA: US SPRAYS POISON IN DRUGS WAR (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Colombia Aid Includes Plan To Target Coca Fields With GM Herbicide
Which Kills Other Crops And Threatens Humans | ||||||||||||||||||
A torrent of potentially lethal herbicide is set to be unleashed across
great swaths of Colombia as part of a new US aid package which was
finally approved by Congress last week. | ||||||||||||||||||
A hidden and undebated condition of the $1.6 billion package - meant to
finance the Colombian government's fight against the now overlapping
forces of guerrilla rebels and narco-cartels - is a plan for military
aircraft to spray the country's coca-growing areas. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
Mycotoxicologist Jeremy Bigwood - working with a fellowship grant to
carry out research into Fusarium derivatives used in biological warfare
- told The Observer that the use of the fungus in Colombia would damage
crops other than cocaine, and develop mutations that could lethally
affect humans with immune deficiencies. | ||||||||||||||||||
[snip] | ||||||||||||||||||
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HOT OFF THE 'NET (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
A Collection of Photos from the July 4th, 2000 White House Smoke-In,
WDC (Lafayette Park) can be viewed at: | ||||||||||||||||||
Submitted by Kevin Zeese | ||||||||||||||||||
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Harry Browne Web Site and Video Clips | ||||||||||||||||||
"The Great Libertarian Offer" video and 4 Libertarian Party campaign
ads can be viewed with RealVideo at:. | ||||||||||||||||||
These are a _Must View_ for all drug policy reformers | ||||||||||||||||||
Harry Browne also has web page listing several upcoming | ||||||||||||||||||
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New Book Helps Federal Criminal Defendants | ||||||||||||||||||
We were quite impressed with the newly released book "The Federal
Criminal Defendants handbook - Negotiating the long lonely road from
arrest to prison to freedom." | ||||||||||||||||||
Author | ||||||||||||||||||
$47.95 from http://www.kensingtonpublishers.com/ | ||||||||||||||||||
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QUOTE OF THE WEEK (Top) | ||||||||||||||||||
Pino Arlacchi UN ODCCP Chief Favors Banning Information | ||||||||||||||||||
"You can enter a completely different world where the issue [drug policy] is treated in the opposite view as it should be. Unfortunately, some of these views are spreading and we are now thinking about some instrument to at least stop the expansion of this flow of information." | ||||||||||||||||||
Pino Arlacchi, head of the UN Office for Drug Control and Crime
Prevention (ODCCP, http://www.undcp.org/ ), based in Vienna, at a New York
press conference last Thursday. | ||||||||||||||||||
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